{"id":94,"date":"2022-05-10T17:13:49","date_gmt":"2022-05-10T15:13:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/?p=94"},"modified":"2022-05-11T16:06:15","modified_gmt":"2022-05-11T14:06:15","slug":"petit-tour-dans-la-vallee-sacree-small-tour-in-the-sacred-vallee-09-02","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/2022\/05\/10\/petit-tour-dans-la-vallee-sacree-small-tour-in-the-sacred-vallee-09-02\/","title":{"rendered":"Petit tour dans la vall\u00e9e sacr\u00e9e \/ Small tour in the sacred vallee – 09.02"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Chinchero<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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La citadelle inca de Chinchero a surv\u00e9cu \u00e0 l’inquisition espagnole de 1570 malgr\u00e9 quelques alt\u00e9rations et beaucoup de dommages. Les espagnols  ont d\u00e9truit les lieux vou\u00e9s aux cultes incas afin de les remplacer par une \u00e9glise. Les terrasses, qui servaient \u00e0 l’agriculture ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ravag\u00e9es, ainsi que beaucoup de maisons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Aujourd’hui, la plupart des \u00e9difices ont \u00e9t\u00e9 restaur\u00e9s avec l’aide de manuscrits, repr\u00e9sentations et estimations, mais l’\u00e9glise espagnole domine encore la ville.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Petits trucs \u00e0 savoir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Dans la partie de la ville d\u00e9di\u00e9e aux classes basses, les pierres constituant les maisons sont assembl\u00e9es grossi\u00e8rement. Alors que dans la partie d\u00e9di\u00e9e aux cultes et \u00e0 la noblesse, celles-ci sont parfaitement coup\u00e9es (ex. pierre \u00e0 12 angles).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00c0 cette altitude (3760 m) peu de l\u00e9gumes poussent. La Yucca (une patate qui pousse dans les montagnes) \u00e9tait la production principale. Pour le reste, c\u2019\u00e9tait un commerce avec les autres villages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Les productions \u00e9taient toujours plus importante que la consommation. Les restes \u00e9taient enterr\u00e9s sous du Mu\u00f1a, conserv\u00e9s pendant plusieurs ann\u00e9es et utilis\u00e9es en cas de besoin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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The Inca citadel of Chinchero survived the Spanish Inquisition of 1570 despite some alterations and much damage. The Spaniards destroyed the places dedicated to Inca worship in order to replace them with a church. The terraces, which were used for agriculture, were ravaged, as well as many houses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Today, most of the buildings have been restored with the help of manuscripts, representations and estimates, but the Spanish church still dominates the city.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Little things to know:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– In the part of the city dedicated to the lower classes, the stones constituting the houses are assembled roughly. While in the part dedicated to cults and nobility, these are perfectly cut (e.g. stone with 12 angles).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– At this altitude (3760 m) few vegetables grow. Yucca (a potato that grows in the mountains) was the main production. For the rest, it was a trade with the other villages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Production was always more important than consumption. The remains were buried under the Mu\u00f1a, kept for several years and used when needed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Chinchero est aujourd’hui tr\u00e8s connue pour son artisanat dans l’art de tisser la laine d’alpaca. Son march\u00e9 de v\u00eatements, tapisserie et accessoires est l’un des plus reconnus du P\u00e9rou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La laine est lav\u00e9e \u00e0 l’aide d’une racine rap\u00e9e en guise de d\u00e9tergeant, puis teint\u00e9e avec diff\u00e9rentes plantes pour diff\u00e9rentes couleurs (bois de rose = rose, fleur de cactus = rouge, tiges = vert …), puis fil\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depuis leur plus jeune \u00e2ge, les filles de Chinchero apprennent \u00e0 tisser la laine et \u00e0 faire des chef-d\u2019\u0153uvre tr\u00e8s color\u00e9s. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Chinchero is today very well known for its craftsmanship in the art of weaving alpaca wool. Its market of clothing, tapestry and accessories is one of the most recognized in Peru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The wool is washed using a raped root as a detergent, then stained with different plants for different colors (rosewood = pink, cactus flower = red, stems = green …), then spun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


From an early age, the girls of Chinchero learned to weave wool and make very colorful masterpieces.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Moray<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Moray est un lieu myst\u00e9rieux dans la province de Maras. Les terrasses en forme de ronds de plus en plus grands font pens\u00e9 \u00e0 une cuve ou quelque chose de plus surr\u00e9aliste. Il s’agit, en fait, d’une sorte de laboratoire d’agriculture inca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les terrasses de Moray ne servaient pas \u00e0 nourrir la population , mais \u00e0 habituer les plantes \u00e0 pousser dans des conditions diff\u00e9rentes. Que ce soit l’altitude, le vent ou l’exposition au soleil, toutes les plantations \u00e9taient expos\u00e9es et mises \u00e0 l’\u00e9preuve. Une grande avanc\u00e9e pour l’empire inca. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Moray is a mysterious place in the province of Maras. The terraces in the shape of larger and larger rounds make you think of a tank or something more surreal. It is, in fact, a kind of inca agricultural laboratory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The terraces of Moray were not used to feed the population, but to accustom the plants to grow in different conditions. Whether it was altitude, wind or sun exposure, all plantations were exposed and put to the test. A great advance for the Inca Empire.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Maras<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Les champs de sel de Maras sont utilis\u00e9s depuis l’\u00e9poque inca ! Aujourd’hui encore en activit\u00e9, les champs appartiennent \u00e0 16 familles diff\u00e9rentes. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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The salt fields of Maras have been used since Inca times! Still in operation today, the fields belong to 16 different families.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Ollataytambo<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Ce village inca n’\u00e9tait pas totalement achev\u00e9 lors de l’inquisition espagnole ! En effet, on peut voir que le temple (ou la maison) du soleil n’\u00e9tait construite qu’\u00e0 25% lors de l’abandon de la ville. Ce pourcentage a \u00e9t\u00e9 estim\u00e9 \u00e0 l’aide de la taille des pierres pos\u00e9es autour du temple. Celles-ci avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 transport\u00e9es de la montagne voisine \u00e0 l’aide de tron\u00e7ons de bois et de rampes immenses, puis cal\u00e9es afin d’\u00eatre taill\u00e9es et install\u00e9es sur la structure. L’installation finale n’aura pourtant jamais eu lieu. Et la ville, bien que prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par sa hauteur et ses r\u00e9serves sera abandonn\u00e9e lors de l’inquisition. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aujourd’hui, des centaines de touristes gravissent les 250 marches qui bordent les terrasses agricoles et marchent sur les pas d’une civilisation incroyablement avanc\u00e9e en architecture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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This Inca village was not completely completed during the Spanish Inquisition! Indeed, we can see that the temple (or house) of the sun was only 25% built when the city was abandoned. This percentage was estimated using the size of the stones laid around the temple. These had been transported from the nearby mountain using huge sections of wood and ramps, then wedged to be carved and installed on the structure. However, the final installation never took place. And the city, although protected by its height and reserves will be abandoned during the Inquisition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Today, hundreds of tourists climb the 250 steps that line the agricultural terraces and walk in the footsteps of an incredibly advanced civilization in architecture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Petite info: Les incas enfon\u00e7aient des manches en bronze dans la roche, puis laissaient geler pendant la nuit pour, au petit matin, taper dessus et d\u00e9crocher des blocs. Ils faisaient, ensuite, rouler les blocs sur des tron\u00e7ons de bois sur des rampes immenses menant \u00e0 l’endroit d\u00e9sir\u00e9. Ces rampes devaient \u00eatre aussi plates que possible pour faciliter l’ascension, ce qui donnait des rampes d’une centaine de m\u00e8tres de long.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les pierres \u00e9taient taill\u00e9es avec des ciseaux en bronze ou de pierres plus dures, puis polies \u00e0 l’aide de ces m\u00eames pierres, d’eau et de sable. Ainsi. les incas ont pu couper les pierres avec une pr\u00e9cision chirurgicale et construire des \u00e9difices sans l’aide de nos technologies modernes<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Small info: The Incas would push bronze sleeves into the rock, then let it freeze during the night to, in the early morning, bang on it and unhook blocks. They then rolled the blocks on stretches of wood on huge ramps leading to the desired location. These ramps had to be as flat as possible to facilitate the ascent, which gave hundred meters long ramps .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The stones were cut with bronze scissors or harder stones, and then polished using these same stones, water and sand. Thus. the Incas were able to cut stones with surgical precision and build buildings without the help of our modern technologies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pisac<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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En haut pour la noblesse<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Pisac \u00e9tait la derni\u00e8re \u00e9tape de notre petit p\u00e9riple. Un village bien particulier puisque la plus part des cabanes sont… des tombes ! Au temps du grand empire inca, les morts de la classe basse \u00e9taient attach\u00e9s en position f\u0153tale et mis dans de petites cabanes en haut d’une montage. Pourquoi la position f\u0153tale ? Parce que c’est plus simple \u00e0 transporter en haut de la montagne (et ca prend moins de place). Et pourquoi en haut de la montagne ? Parce que le vent ! Pour \u00e9viter les douces odeurs de la d\u00e9composition cadav\u00e9riques, on mettait les corps dans des lieux tr\u00e8s a\u00e9r\u00e9s !<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour les personnes de la classe haute, c’est un autre histoire… Les corps \u00e9taient momifi\u00e9s (comme en \u00c9gypte, mais avec d’autres herbes).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les tombes de Pisac ont \u00e9t\u00e9 profan\u00e9es lors de l’inquisition. Les espagnoles saccageaient les tombes et jeter les corps pour trouver de l’or ou de l’argent, potentiellement enterr\u00e9s avec les d\u00e9funts. Petit probl\u00e8me (pour les espagnols) :  L’or et l’argent n’avaient que tr\u00e8s peu de valeur pour les incas. Les coquillage et les aliments avaient bien plus d’importants et servaient de monnaie et offrandes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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En bas pour le petit peuple<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Pisac was the last stop on our little journey. A very special village since most of the huts are… graves! At the time of the great Inca Empire, the dead of the lower class were tied up in the fetal position and put in small huts at the top of a montage. Why the fetal position? Because it’s easier to carry up the mountain (and it takes up less space). And why at the top of the mountain? Because the wind! To avoid the sweet smells of cadaveric decomposition, we put the bodies in very airy places!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For people of the upper class, it’s a different story… The bodies were mummified (as in Egypt, but with other herbs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The tombs of Pisac were desecrated during the Inquisition. The Spanish ransacked the graves and threw away the bodies to find gold or silver, potentially buried with the deceased. Small problem (for the Spaniards): Gold and silver had very little value for the Incas. Shellfish and food were much more important and served as currency and offerings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soupe cr\u00e9meuse aux tomates avec toasties au fromage<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Chinchero La citadelle inca de Chinchero a surv\u00e9cu \u00e0 l’inquisition espagnole de 1570 malgr\u00e9 quelques alt\u00e9rations et beaucoup de dommages. Les espagnols  ont d\u00e9truit les lieux vou\u00e9s aux cultes incas afin de les remplacer par une \u00e9glise. Les terrasses, qui servaient \u00e0 l’agriculture ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ravag\u00e9es, ainsi que beaucoup de maisons. Aujourd’hui, la plupart des…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-journal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98,"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94\/revisions\/98"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loulou.plet.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}